Eco Environment

The earth is a common habitat for all living beings. It is the habitat of man, birds and animals, vegetation and other creatures. All living beings depend on various resources of the earth for their survival. The activities which are related with the conservation of the earth and all living and non-living being things help in caring the earth. The availability of the resources makes the earth as a sustainable habitat. It is necessary to care the earth to make it a sustainable habitat. The sustainability of the earth keeps up their harmony. Human beings should conduct different conversational activities for caring the earth. The main objective of caring of the earth is to conserve the earth by conducting the developmental activities in a sustainable way. Different efforts should be made for conserving natural state, structure and other aspects of the earth. Natural resources should be used without deteriorating their nature quality. The positive attitude of the people towards the importance of the earth helps in caring the earth. People should develop their positive attitude towards environment and the components of earth. The programme of caring the earth helps to conserve the earth. Natural heritages are the indispensable parts of the environment. The important sites are the habitat of some specials animals. The misuse and over exploitation of natural resources cause adverse effects on the earth. Over exploitation of these aspects create many problems like scarcity of food, season change, global warming, etc. the conservation of these natural components can help in caring the earth. Concept of caring of the earth accommodates the concept and techniques of conservation of natural resources. The natural heritages should be protected to preserve the biodiversity of the earth. Loss of one types of living beings affect another. That may affect human beings too. The earth is a common habitat of different living things including human beings. There are innumerable aquatic and terrestrial creatures on the surface of the earth. They are interrelated with one another. The destruction of any environmental element makes the survival of these creatures difficult. Likewise, the deterioration of any type of living beings affects another type of living beings. The conservation of biodiversity is not possible unless there is implementation of the strategies of caring the earth. Thus, it is necessary to conserve the biodiversity for better future of all beings.

The earth is a living planet. It is the common habitat for all living organisms. Human beings conduct various types of activities on the earth. They get food, water, air shelter, etc. from the earth. Human beings have the relationship of nail and flesh with earth. It is the human beings who use the resources of the earth maximum. So, it is the prime duty of human beings to preserve and protect the natural resources and environment of the earth. Human beings are the creators. They plan and conduct development activities for their welfare. Whatever they do will depend on the resources such as air, water, food, fire-wood, minerals. These are available from the earth. Construction of roads, irritation canal, dam, building and bridge produce some effects on the physical and natural aspects of the earth. The other activities like installation of hydro power plant and electrical tower disturb the nature structure of the earth. Both the natural aspects of the earth and development work are the basic things for human beings. Thus, they should take care of the earth while conducting development activities. People conduct construction work like building of house, bridge, embankment etc. on the earth. All the creatures get their livelihood from different productive goods of the earth. The different developmental activities like construction of road, canal, building, dams, etc. bring an adverse effect on the earth. They causes flood, landslide, soil erosion, season change, global warming, etc. the available resources of the earth are to be exploited according to the principles of sustainable development to protect the earth. On the one hand human beings needs developmental works and on the other hand balanced environment is equally necessary for healthy living. While conducting any kind of development works, human beings should respect all the living beings for keeping harmony to each other and for caring the earth. Human beings should conduct various programmes related to caring the earth. All living and non-living things on the earth are interrelated with one another. Human beings should respect all the living beings for caring the earth. It helps to conservation biodiversity of the earth. Human beings should not destroy the existence of living beings while fulfilling their basic and additional needs. So, people should be conscious about the natural condition of earth while conducting any kind of development activities.

It is very difficult to determine the carrying capacity of the earth. But there are limited amount of forest, minerals, suitable habitat, drinking water, cultivable etc. they determine the carrying capacity of the earth. The carrying capacity of the earth is limited. In the simple words, the capacity of something that it can resist the pressure which can falls upon it is called carrying capacity. The earth has limited surface area, on which we can produce food grains and manage habitat for all living beings. The use of the natural resources should not exceed their capacity. The demand of the people should not be more than that of the production. If they are over-used than they bear or supply it exceed their limit. It means that their use or demand will be beyond the carrying capacity of the earth. The area of the earth is fixed but human population is growing rapidly. Adversely, natural resources are declining remarkably. In such situation, the carrying capacity of the earth to keep increased population on it is also declining. The exploitation of natural resources should not exceed the carrying capacity of the earth. The excessive use of such resources degrades their condition. It results in the degradation in their qualitative aspects too. Our activities should not go behind the limit of nature. People should use the available resources by paying due attention to the carrying capacity of the earth. The overexploitation of the natural resources degrades the original quality of such resources. It affects the ecosystem of the earth. It means that the people should be within the carrying capacity of the earth. The deterioration of the quality of resources affects the ecosystem and environmental balance. The developmental activities should not break the relationship that exists among the resources. The attitude of sustainable developmental can help the proper use of natural resources. In this regard, people should develop the habit of fulfilling their needs within the carrying capacity of the earth. In other words, if the people have attitudes of sustainable use and develop such habits they can contribute to the proper uses of the resources. The carrying capacity of the earth is the capacity that the earth can hold. We can take some components of the earth to understand the concept of carrying capacity. A specific area of an ecosystem can accommodate some living beings and provide food for their survival. It cannot accommodate more living beings than its capacity. If it is beyond its capacity that place cannot accommodate them. The excess accommodation creates the pressure on ecosystem. It deteriorates the environment gradually. The degradation may create many problems like disappearance of some species of animals and plants. We should use the natural resources wisely due to the limited carrying capacity of the earth. We should try to take maximum benefits from the limited resources without depleting them. Modern technology should be used to regenerate the natural resources. There are renewable and non-renewable resources in the earth. The renewable resources should be regenerated as far as possible. The principle of sustainable development should be used while conducting any kind of development activities. People should develop positive attitude towards nature that all resources of the earth are for the use of human beings and they should be protected for future generation too. The people should carry out various developmental activities in integrated way with conservation. The principles of the sustainable development give emphasis to conduct activities keeping in view the carrying capacity of the earth. The development activities should incorporate conservation programmes.

The earth has peculiar characteristics among the planet of the solar system. It consists of biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. Its situation, temperature, rotation and revolution, climate etc. are some of the characteristics of the earth. The sun is at the distance of 15o millions kilometers from the earth. The earth is a large habitat for different creatures. It consists of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The natural resources like land, river, forest etc. are only in the earth. It has favorable environment for all the living beings. Thus, it is a common habitat of all the creatures. Only the earth is known celestial body with existence of living things. Presence of water and oxygen is regarded as the most important feature to make the earth as living planet. Ozone layer, fertile soil, non-combustible atmosphere, adequate water, self-regulating environmental cycles, and so many other favorable situations have made it a common habitat of various organisms. There are different kinds of creatures on the earth due to different geographical structure and climate. The different birds and animals such as elephant, rhinoceros, tiger, falcon, vulture etc. are found on land whereas fish, crocodile and micro-organisms are found in water and amphibians such as frogs, salamander, etc. are found both on land and in water. The structure and special characteristics of the earth support the life of all the living creatures. The earth is a natural habitat that accommodates all the living creatures. There are different types of animals and other living beings in earth. Human beings are the most intelligent and powerful creature of the earth. About 71 percent of the earth is covered with water. Water is found on the surface and underground level. The portion of water that is in the earth is called hydrosphere. Water is accumulated in the lower part of the earth. There is water in ocean, sea, river, pond etc. Water is needed for growth and development of living beings. Water helps in the germination, growth and development of plants, human beings, animals, birds and other creatures. They require water for their survival. The earth is only the planet in solar system that has water. Sunlight causes water cycle and it causes rainfall from time to time on the surface o the earth. All the components of the earth like land, water, air and forests, animal are inseparable and interrelated to each other. If one of them is destroyed, it affects another.

The caring of the earth means to conserve all the physical and biological aspects of the earth in its natural condition. Its aim is to provide an opportunity to continue the life of all the living beings. In order to implement the strategy of the world conservation effectively, for the care of earth and for the initiation of sustainable way of development; an action-plan was formulated in 1980 AD. This document explains the policies of the world natural heritage and sustainable development. Based on the guidelines action, programmes on be designed and implemented for the caring earth. The World conservation Strategy motivates and encourages all to take care of the earth. The programme for conservation of the earth should be conducted at local and national levels. A document containing the strategy for caring the earth was published by the joint effort of IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Wildlife Fund(WWF). Different nations, international agencies, non-government organizations have supported and agreed to implement the strategy of caring for earth. Their conservation strategy stresses the various efforts to be made for the conservation of the environment and implement of the quality of the environment. Some of them are biodiversity conservation, application of sustainable development principles, natural resources conservation and so on. Along with these conservation activities the programmes should be conducted for the rehabilitation of the living standard of the people. The caring for earth has stated policies and different programmes for the conservation of the earth. The developmental activities should be intergraded with the conservational programmes to take of the earth. The development activities should include conservation programmes. These programmes will help to take care of the earth. The objective of developmental activities should be the improvement of human beings. But they should not emerge the environmental problems. The developmental activities should contribute the improvement of human life. There should be no destruction of natural resources in the name of the fulfillment of the basic needs. Economic justice in the society helps in the conservation of environment by reducing exploitation of natural resources. Therefore, income generating programmes and trainings should be conducted at local and national level. The gap between the rich and poor should be lowest in income and life style. Conducting development and income generating programmes at local and national levels can reduce the existing gap to some extend. It will make human life sustainable.
The rich countries should reduce their consumption pattern of the resources. Especially, the use of the non-renewable resources such as fossil fuel, natural gas, minerals should be drastically decreased. Alternative programmed will donate for the reduction of non-renewable resources. The renewable resources should be produces adequately to meet the need growing population. It helps in conservation of non-renewable resources. The rich countries should provide financial and technical support to the poor countries for pollution control and improvement of the quality of the environment. The people should understand that the carrying capacity of the earth is limited. It takes time to regenerate such resources in nature. Thus, their development activities should be within the limit of the carrying capacity of the earth.

Biodiversity must be conserved for the existing of living creatures. We should have the knowledge of biodiversity found in different regions. Programmes on conservation should be launched after finding the condition of animals, its habitat and situation. Local people should be made acquainted with the knowledge of biodiversity found on their region. They should be made aware about the need and importance of biodiversity. Programmes on conservation should be implemented with an assistance of local organizations and associations. Improvement of local people in such programmes is very important. People should be made acquainted with the knowledge of rules and laws of conservation. So, programmes for creating awareness should be launched. Local organizations and associations should be involved for this purpose. Effective media should be used to make people know about the importance of biodiversity and the methods of using it. Biodiversity should be used in income generation works without deteriorating the present situations. People use plants, animals and natural resources to run their daily life. People should minimize the use and give emphasis on reuse and recycling. This leads to conserve biodiversity. For example sustainable biodiversity, it is very important to develop the spirit of conservation. Biodiversity aspects should be commercialized so that people can be interest in their preservation. Different awareness programme should be disseminated to the grass root level that it can make general public realize the importance of biodiversity conservation. The people should create positive attitude towards the biodiversity. They should not exploit the natural biodiversity to fulfill their present needs. They should feel that biodiversity available at present should be conserved for the future generation. The methods such as reuse and recycle assist in the conservation of the biodiversity. Conservation law assists in the conservation of biodiversity. The community people should be aware of the conservation law. It should be encourage local agencies to conduct conservation programme. The people use natural resources for different purposes. The consumption pattern should be in line with the conservation of biodiversity. While using the raw materials in the industries they should be utilized properly. It reduces the use of the raw materials. The local people should be trained in the proper use of the biodiversity. Their conservation should go together with the income generation activities. The income obtained from the use of local biodiversity needs to be used in the improvement of the living standard of the living standard of the community people.

All the living beings are directly related to biodiversity. So, conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of living beings and their habitats. Conservation of habitats provides suitable condition for the survival of living beings. The conservation of ecosystems and their diversity assists in maintaining a suitable environment for the living beings. Conservation of biodiversity refers to the maintenance of appropriate food and habitat of living organisms with an intention of preserving them. The earth is a living planet. It is a habitat for innumerable living beings. Geographical features of any country support to make the diversity in plants, animals and organism. Therefore, biodiversity should be conserved to maintain their existence for improving their breeding. Biodiversity should be preserved for the future generation. Biodiversity is the main source of natural resources. We get basic needs fulfilled from these resources. It will be much more difficult to make livelihood. Thus, biodiversity should be conserved for the sustainability of resources. Different natural processes like water cycle, climate, temperature, nitrogen cycle etc. are continuous in nature. Biodiversity has tried to overcome the effects of human activities on these processes. Disturbance in natural processes affects all the living beings. So, to balance the natural processes biodiversity is very important. The products that come from biodiversity are used in different ways. The proper use of biodiversity boosts the socio-economic development of the country. People celebrate different social activities such as festival, custom, ceremony and other social activities. The availability of biodiversity and its production is used in the social activities and in the economic development of the country. Without the production of biodiversity it is difficult to celebrate social function and to develop the economy of the country. Biodiversity provides enough fields for study and research like birds, animals, flowers and all. It helps in the conservation of nature and natural resources too. It will ensure the availability of various materials to people for their survival. It aids to get necessary goods to human welfare. So, the conservation of biodiversity aids the existing of living beings in the earth.

Biodiversity is very important in our life. There is a close relationship between development of mankind and bio-diversity. Its importance is also related with food, lifestyle, social activities, economic aspects, etc. biodiversity is also a source of required things which are needed to human beings. The biodiversity is the main source that helps to meet the need of people. Human beings are dependent on agricultural productions. Rice, maize, wheat, vegetables and fruit are some of the agriculture production which is the basic foods of human beings. These can be produced from the agricultural diversity. Agriculture crops are the most valuable source of biodiversity. Biodiversity is the source for the production of the domestic resources. The domestic resources are firewood, constructional materials, medicinal plants and herbs etc. Materials for the construction of handicrafts and musical instruments are also obtained from biodiversity. Different types of animals are found in biodiversity. Animals are being used to fulfill various kinds of needs of the people. They are sources of milk, wool, meat, labor and raw material. The bones, feather and skin of the animals are the raw materials that are used to produce different useful things. They are most valuable ornaments, clothes, bags, decorative materials and cosmetics. Some of the medicines are made by using animal’s products. Animals farming provide employment opportunity to the person which helps to generate the sound income and life standard of people. Plants and trees are the sources of fruits, timber, flowers and so on. This provides raw materials to the industry. Similarly, herbs plants help to manufacture medicine. This is an economic activity that uplifts the living standard of the people. Animals and plants are used for breeding to produce new varieties. It is for improving their production and quality. This indicates the significance of biodiversity in nature. The wild gene can be obtained from the biodiversity existing in nature. The wild gene materials can be used to increase the power of resistance, age and producing capacity of local species. Therefore, biodiversity helps to improve the existing quality of plants and animals. Biodiversity helps to improve the existing living beings of various places.

Plants and vegetation help to conserve the sources of water and watershed. Plants absorb water which helps to keep greenery of land. Plants and vegetation reduce the evaporation process, due to which the water gets collected under the soil. There is a close relationship among biodiversity, water source and watershed. The existence of other becomes impossible if one gets deteriorated. The biodiversity plays an important role for the conservation and promotion of watershed. Biodiversity is the main sources, through which people fulfill their basic necessities. Raw materials are available from bio-diversity so that industrial development is possible. The biological aspects can be produced through the conservation and promotion of bio-diversity. Thus, biodiversity helps in economic development. If one element of the environment is destroyed, whole environment is disturbed. Therefore, biodiversity has great importance in maintaining environmental balance.

In the earth, there are numerous plants, animals, and organisms. The living beings are dependable to each other and interrelated. They differ with each other in terms of their habitat, life cycle, reproduction etc. The living beings are classified into various categories for the convenience of study. There is a diversity and difference in living beings which are found on the surface of the earth. The biodiversity includes the varieties of existing living beings in per unit area of earth. The types and diversity of different living beings denote the biodiversity. Biodiversity also includes the variation in ecosystem, where organism and gene play an important role. The ecosystem of different places differs due to biodiversity. The ecosystems are habitats that are suitable to different types of organisms and species. Biodiversity is different with the nature of ecosystems. Biodiversity of a location refers to the existence of organisms and species of living beings per square unit. Biodiversity indicates the total of the living heritage of the earth and their status as well as their differences. It also indicates the system and structure of the living beings in the nature. Greek Philosopher Aristotle has identified 500-600 species of animals and plants. Biodiversity can be classified into species, genes and ecosystem. There are various types of ecosystems. Animal and plants have peculiar kind of adaptation. Ecosystem is the habitat of living beings. Living beings adjust in the ecosystem and survive there. Each organism has its own heredity character, which helps them to adapt and survive in their habitat.
The characteristics of the ecological belts of any country determine the kind of biodiversity. Therefore, there is diversity in living beings according to place. Some organism is found in land, some in water and some in atmosphere. There is some vegetation which grows on watersheds and surface of water too. There is a close relationship among the various types of living beings. If their relationship is broken it causes them difficulty to live in. but destruction of any one of the species harms to ecological balance. For instance, the life cycle of vegetation, birds and animals and other living beings is adversely affected due to the destruction of forest. It becomes very difficult to survive under deteriorating situation of ecosystem. Genetic diversity can be measured within a variety of DNA and other techniques. New genetic variation is produced in populations of organisms that can reproduce sexually by recombination and in individuals by gene and chromosome mutations. In each ecosystem, living creatures form a community, interacting with one another and with air, water and soil around them.

SUSTAINABLE development is the concept of development based on environmental conservation. the principles of sustainable development should be implemented in different activities. the activities that are beyond the principles of sustainable development should not be conducted. such type of activities if continued will deteriorate the environment and they affect living living beings. it also develops imbalance in economic and social development activities. it may develop a wider gap between rich and poor that further deteriorates the environment. the development activities that are launched without a long-term vision cannot last for a long time. unsustainable development brings inequality in the socio-economic aspects. while conducting any type of the development activities it is necessary to integrate the conservation program with them. The World Development Report states that "the development will be weaker without the conservation of the environment and without the development there will be scarcity of the resources for the investment and in turn the conservation of the environment will be a failure." the available resources should be used properly without their depletion. it is necessary to increase the productivity of the agricultural land. the forest products should be utilized in a proper manner for the development of the industries. the development of the industries will provide job opportunity to the people. these development activities should not ignore to integrate the conservation efforts. this will help for alleviation of poverty and conservation of the environment. to achieve these objectives the principles of sustainable development should be applied in a wider scale.
There are numerous areas that can make an application of sustainable development. they include strategies of caring earth, conservation of forest, watershed conservation, nuclear energy production and mobilization. bio-engineering and eco-tourism are also the areas that make the application of sustainable development. one of the most important areas of application of sustainable development is eco-tourism. in 1995 the World Conference on sustainable tourism adopted a charter that encouraged the development of laws that would promote the dual goals of the economic development through tourism and protection of environment. highlighting the growing importance of sustainable tourism, the world tourism organization declared 2002 the International Year of Eco-tourism. sustainability was focus of the 1992 earth Summit and later was central to a multitude of environmental studies. the proper application of the principles of sustainable development will contribute, to some extent, to reduce the gap between development and developing countries in terms of their economic and social development. the effective application of the principles of sustainable development will keep a healthy harmony between earth and living beings.

Sustainable development is the concept of development that focuses on the utilization of resources by the present generation, without hampering the right of the future generation. sustainable development is essential to the conservation of the environment. Sustainable development is environmental-friendly development. it plays a great role in the existence of environment as well as the living species within it. Development activities are for the meeting the needs and aspiration of people. but if the environment is deteriorated the people will be affects. it will make the life of the people more difficult to survive. In the present context, the value of the sustainable development is wider to make a sustainable life. the sustainable development emphasis a proper use of natural resources. The sustainable development is possible only by the proper utilization of natural resources. the natural resources should be utilized according to their nature. The proper use of minerals, drinking water, pesticides, chemical fertilizers helps to sustain the fertility of the land and to produce more in the long-term. non-renewable resources have limited stock in the nature. so, these resources should be consumed in the proper manner, since they can be used up. therefore, perpetual and renewable resources should be utilized as much as possible because these resources are never finished from the nature. sustainable development helps to stop the misuse of resources. sustainable development focuses on the decentralization of development activities. if the development activities are not decentralized, then the environmental resources will be consumed in unbalanced way. it helps to develop the basic areas. all the facilities like transportation, communication, health services etc. are provided in the rural areas as well. sustainable development can be possible only by the active participation of the public, because common people are the consumers as well as the conserves of the resources. hence, sustainable development provides an opportunity of participation of all people in conservation and promotion of environment.

Environment is the source of all our needs. Environment is the life of all the living creatures. Without environment life of living creatures is impossible. The main cause of environmental degradation is different human activities. Human beings is the only one cognizant creature in the earth. Therefore, it is our duty to protect the environmental components. Different activities such as public awareness, afforestation, conservation of natural and cultural heritages etc. are essential for the preservation and conservation of of environment.Conservation programmes need to be conducted at different places. there should be a good involvement of the community people in these programmes. the programmes may be designed to be implement at local and national levels. there is a need of coordination of the programmes at all the levels. support from different levels is primary to conduct conservation programme effectively.

People's participation or community participation is very much essential for the conservation of environment. different agencies are conducting conservation programmes. It is necessary to encourage local non-government organizations and communities to undertake conservation programmes at their communities. if people are aware about the importance of environment, they will surely try to keep the environment healthy. We should conduct different types of awareness programmes, targeted to illiterate people, by giving them education about the importance of environment, causes and effects of environmental degradation etc. Natural resources such as air, water, land, forest and wildlife are essential for all the living beings. Natural resources are the sources for air, water, food and other necessary things. they need to be used properly without deteriorating their quality. their over-exploitation without their regeneration affects ecosystem and imbalance the environment. Therefore proper use of the natural resources should be proceed in order to conserve the environment. People conduct several development development activities on the environment. The development activities should be conducted without deteriorating the environment. The development activities should be nature friendly. Afforestation is very much important for the conservation of environment. If the afforestation programme is conducted by the active people participation of the people of community that will sustain and get success because they will take the forest as their own forest. Afforestation is a very good way to control pollution and it purifies the environment. we should be responsible for the expansion of the forest area and its protection. we should plant trees in the barren and terrace land. It helps to balance the environment. soil erosion is one of the problems that deteriorates the environment. the use of the chemical fertilizer should be discourage and organic fertilizer should be encourage. In situ and ex-situ conservation programme should be developed and implemented for the conservation of the environment. The ex-situ conservation programme is helpful for breeding new varieties of plants and animals.Mitigating measures of environmental pollution

Sustainable development is essential to the conservation of the environment. In the present context, the value of the sustainable development is wider to make sustainable life. The environment friendly development is sustainable development.
The world commission on environment and development or Brundtland commission in 1987 defines sustainable development as:
"sustainable development is a process in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investment, and the orientation of technological development and institutional change meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs." The development activities that can persists for long time is the sustainable development. The main goal of the sustainable development is to keep a balance among the various aspects of population, environment and development. it is based on the principle of environment-friendly activities, applied without deterioration of natural resources. With the development activities, the needs of the present generation are fulfilled without hampering the needs of the future generation.

The conduction of one activity should not affects other environmental aspects. people wants to produce more yield from the agriculture land they hold. they apply maximum chemical fertilizer, insecticides and pesticides. these chemicals deplete the land, they may be converted into in long run. Another problem is overgrazing that deteriorates pasture. These activities are not friendly to the environment. Non-renewable resources such as minerals, natural oil and gas are limited resources. if such resources are extracted continuously the mines will be empty. It will affect the quality of the environment. the overuse of non-renewable resources causes energy crisis in the future, since these resources might be completely vanished. Alternative sources of energy should be sought. agricultural, industry and tourism should be run with proper planning for the sustainable development. the sustainable development focuses on the use of developed technology that alters the traditional approach of consumption pattern and brings less environmental hazards. it also focuses on the upliftment of living standard of the present generation. while conducting these activities we should not forget the aspiration of the future generation. the practice of of wise-use of the natural resources should be developed among the users. The over exploiatation of the natural resources depletes the quality of the environment. The goal of the development should be for the meeting of the basic needs of the people. But the natural resources should be deteriorated to fulfill the needs and aspirations. The economic development improves living standard of people. the principles of sustainable development give priority to the basic needs. Development works should be launched to meet the long term goals. sustainable development focuses on the decentralization of development activities. If the development activities are decentralized, then the environmental resources will be consumed in a balanced way. It helps to provide the facilities like transportation, communication, education, health services etc. even in the rural areas. It is clear that sustainable development is a must for environmental conservation.

Deterioration of natural environment, including atmosphere, resources of water etc. is environmental degradation. environmental degradation affects not only man but also creatures and vegetation. Environmental degradation has become the hot issue of today. It has become a bigger treat than war to human and all other living beings. The major cause of the environmental pollution are modern urbanization, industrialization, over-population growth, deforestation etc. Environmental pollution refers to the degradation of quality and quantity of natural resources. different kinds of the human activities are the main reasons of environmental degradation. these has led to environment changes that have become harmful to all living beings. the smoke emitted by the vehicles and factories increases the amount of poisonous gases in the air. Mostly, we can see pollution in urban areas where population is increasing rapidly. The density of population in cities is very high. Everybody wants to have happy and prosperous life so, they emigrates towards town or cities. The waste products, smoke emitted by vehicles and industries are the main causes of pollution. Unplanned urbanization and industrialization have caused water, air and sound pollution. Urbanization and industrialization help to increase pollution of the sources of water. Similarly, the smoke emitted by vehicles and industries like Chlorofluorocarbon, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide and other dust particles pollute air. and another cause of environmental degradation is sound pollution. The main cause of sound pollution are vechicles, loud speaker, mill etc. the excessive use of natural resources diminishes these resources and creates imbalance of the environment. Due to uncontrolled population, forest area are being diminishes day by day. for the increased population, health, transportation, communication, drinking water, house, food etc. are required in large amount. this results in the over consumption of natural resources. deforestation, over use of pesticides, chemical fertilizer and insecticides, congested housing or unmanaged urbanization, industrialization and production of litters, sewages and garages etc. are the major reasons to deteriorate quality of the environment. pressure of population is awful in town which results air, water and sound population too. deforestation provokes the wildlife and other organism to the verge of extinction. The forest areas has been cleared for agricultural land, settlement and to collect the useful herbs. This results in environmental degradation.

Effects of Environmental degradation
Due to environmental degradation human as well as all other creatures have to face great problems. Air pollution results in respiratory diseases,air-borne diseases, skin disease, throat and chest infection etc and also melts the snow that causes landslides and floods. water pollution causes various water-borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery etc. human activities are the main reasons for the environmental degradation. many new germs grow when a environment is polluted. Due to polluted air, respiratory diseases emerge and water population causes various epidemics. Similarly, sound pollution causes deafness, sleeplessness and even digestive diseases. environmental degradation results scarcity of various items which are necessary to continue our life. The amount of production will declines as the fertility of soil decreases. Similarly drought and excessive rainfall destroy the crops. the raw materials needed for the industries for not obtained and it brings the scarcity of food, clothes and other equipments which are necessary to conduct the daily activities. the main function of ozone layer is to filter the ultraviolet rays of the sun. the ultraviolet rays are very harmful to living organisms. Ozone layer depletion causes global warming and other hazardous results. Global warming is another result of environmental degradation. The temperature of the earth is rising warmer and warmer and due to rise in temperature, the polar icecaps melting and the ice an the colder regions is not thick as it was before. Many species are lost day by day due to various activities of the human beings. the life of the creature Will be in danger if environment goes on deteriorating in the same way. So, to live happy and prosperous life we must conserve our environment.Environmental Degradation and its effects