Eco Environment

The earth is a common habitat for all living beings. It is the habitat of man, birds and animals, vegetation and other creatures. All living beings depend on various resources of the earth for their survival. The activities which are related with the conservation of the earth and all living and non-living being things help in caring the earth. The availability of the resources makes the earth as a sustainable habitat. It is necessary to care the earth to make it a sustainable habitat. The sustainability of the earth keeps up their harmony. Human beings should conduct different conversational activities for caring the earth. The main objective of caring of the earth is to conserve the earth by conducting the developmental activities in a sustainable way. Different efforts should be made for conserving natural state, structure and other aspects of the earth. Natural resources should be used without deteriorating their nature quality. The positive attitude of the people towards the importance of the earth helps in caring the earth. People should develop their positive attitude towards environment and the components of earth. The programme of caring the earth helps to conserve the earth. Natural heritages are the indispensable parts of the environment. The important sites are the habitat of some specials animals. The misuse and over exploitation of natural resources cause adverse effects on the earth. Over exploitation of these aspects create many problems like scarcity of food, season change, global warming, etc. the conservation of these natural components can help in caring the earth. Concept of caring of the earth accommodates the concept and techniques of conservation of natural resources. The natural heritages should be protected to preserve the biodiversity of the earth. Loss of one types of living beings affect another. That may affect human beings too. The earth is a common habitat of different living things including human beings. There are innumerable aquatic and terrestrial creatures on the surface of the earth. They are interrelated with one another. The destruction of any environmental element makes the survival of these creatures difficult. Likewise, the deterioration of any type of living beings affects another type of living beings. The conservation of biodiversity is not possible unless there is implementation of the strategies of caring the earth. Thus, it is necessary to conserve the biodiversity for better future of all beings.

The earth is a living planet. It is the common habitat for all living organisms. Human beings conduct various types of activities on the earth. They get food, water, air shelter, etc. from the earth. Human beings have the relationship of nail and flesh with earth. It is the human beings who use the resources of the earth maximum. So, it is the prime duty of human beings to preserve and protect the natural resources and environment of the earth. Human beings are the creators. They plan and conduct development activities for their welfare. Whatever they do will depend on the resources such as air, water, food, fire-wood, minerals. These are available from the earth. Construction of roads, irritation canal, dam, building and bridge produce some effects on the physical and natural aspects of the earth. The other activities like installation of hydro power plant and electrical tower disturb the nature structure of the earth. Both the natural aspects of the earth and development work are the basic things for human beings. Thus, they should take care of the earth while conducting development activities. People conduct construction work like building of house, bridge, embankment etc. on the earth. All the creatures get their livelihood from different productive goods of the earth. The different developmental activities like construction of road, canal, building, dams, etc. bring an adverse effect on the earth. They causes flood, landslide, soil erosion, season change, global warming, etc. the available resources of the earth are to be exploited according to the principles of sustainable development to protect the earth. On the one hand human beings needs developmental works and on the other hand balanced environment is equally necessary for healthy living. While conducting any kind of development works, human beings should respect all the living beings for keeping harmony to each other and for caring the earth. Human beings should conduct various programmes related to caring the earth. All living and non-living things on the earth are interrelated with one another. Human beings should respect all the living beings for caring the earth. It helps to conservation biodiversity of the earth. Human beings should not destroy the existence of living beings while fulfilling their basic and additional needs. So, people should be conscious about the natural condition of earth while conducting any kind of development activities.

It is very difficult to determine the carrying capacity of the earth. But there are limited amount of forest, minerals, suitable habitat, drinking water, cultivable etc. they determine the carrying capacity of the earth. The carrying capacity of the earth is limited. In the simple words, the capacity of something that it can resist the pressure which can falls upon it is called carrying capacity. The earth has limited surface area, on which we can produce food grains and manage habitat for all living beings. The use of the natural resources should not exceed their capacity. The demand of the people should not be more than that of the production. If they are over-used than they bear or supply it exceed their limit. It means that their use or demand will be beyond the carrying capacity of the earth. The area of the earth is fixed but human population is growing rapidly. Adversely, natural resources are declining remarkably. In such situation, the carrying capacity of the earth to keep increased population on it is also declining. The exploitation of natural resources should not exceed the carrying capacity of the earth. The excessive use of such resources degrades their condition. It results in the degradation in their qualitative aspects too. Our activities should not go behind the limit of nature. People should use the available resources by paying due attention to the carrying capacity of the earth. The overexploitation of the natural resources degrades the original quality of such resources. It affects the ecosystem of the earth. It means that the people should be within the carrying capacity of the earth. The deterioration of the quality of resources affects the ecosystem and environmental balance. The developmental activities should not break the relationship that exists among the resources. The attitude of sustainable developmental can help the proper use of natural resources. In this regard, people should develop the habit of fulfilling their needs within the carrying capacity of the earth. In other words, if the people have attitudes of sustainable use and develop such habits they can contribute to the proper uses of the resources. The carrying capacity of the earth is the capacity that the earth can hold. We can take some components of the earth to understand the concept of carrying capacity. A specific area of an ecosystem can accommodate some living beings and provide food for their survival. It cannot accommodate more living beings than its capacity. If it is beyond its capacity that place cannot accommodate them. The excess accommodation creates the pressure on ecosystem. It deteriorates the environment gradually. The degradation may create many problems like disappearance of some species of animals and plants. We should use the natural resources wisely due to the limited carrying capacity of the earth. We should try to take maximum benefits from the limited resources without depleting them. Modern technology should be used to regenerate the natural resources. There are renewable and non-renewable resources in the earth. The renewable resources should be regenerated as far as possible. The principle of sustainable development should be used while conducting any kind of development activities. People should develop positive attitude towards nature that all resources of the earth are for the use of human beings and they should be protected for future generation too. The people should carry out various developmental activities in integrated way with conservation. The principles of the sustainable development give emphasis to conduct activities keeping in view the carrying capacity of the earth. The development activities should incorporate conservation programmes.

The earth has peculiar characteristics among the planet of the solar system. It consists of biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. Its situation, temperature, rotation and revolution, climate etc. are some of the characteristics of the earth. The sun is at the distance of 15o millions kilometers from the earth. The earth is a large habitat for different creatures. It consists of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The natural resources like land, river, forest etc. are only in the earth. It has favorable environment for all the living beings. Thus, it is a common habitat of all the creatures. Only the earth is known celestial body with existence of living things. Presence of water and oxygen is regarded as the most important feature to make the earth as living planet. Ozone layer, fertile soil, non-combustible atmosphere, adequate water, self-regulating environmental cycles, and so many other favorable situations have made it a common habitat of various organisms. There are different kinds of creatures on the earth due to different geographical structure and climate. The different birds and animals such as elephant, rhinoceros, tiger, falcon, vulture etc. are found on land whereas fish, crocodile and micro-organisms are found in water and amphibians such as frogs, salamander, etc. are found both on land and in water. The structure and special characteristics of the earth support the life of all the living creatures. The earth is a natural habitat that accommodates all the living creatures. There are different types of animals and other living beings in earth. Human beings are the most intelligent and powerful creature of the earth. About 71 percent of the earth is covered with water. Water is found on the surface and underground level. The portion of water that is in the earth is called hydrosphere. Water is accumulated in the lower part of the earth. There is water in ocean, sea, river, pond etc. Water is needed for growth and development of living beings. Water helps in the germination, growth and development of plants, human beings, animals, birds and other creatures. They require water for their survival. The earth is only the planet in solar system that has water. Sunlight causes water cycle and it causes rainfall from time to time on the surface o the earth. All the components of the earth like land, water, air and forests, animal are inseparable and interrelated to each other. If one of them is destroyed, it affects another.

The caring of the earth means to conserve all the physical and biological aspects of the earth in its natural condition. Its aim is to provide an opportunity to continue the life of all the living beings. In order to implement the strategy of the world conservation effectively, for the care of earth and for the initiation of sustainable way of development; an action-plan was formulated in 1980 AD. This document explains the policies of the world natural heritage and sustainable development. Based on the guidelines action, programmes on be designed and implemented for the caring earth. The World conservation Strategy motivates and encourages all to take care of the earth. The programme for conservation of the earth should be conducted at local and national levels. A document containing the strategy for caring the earth was published by the joint effort of IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Wildlife Fund(WWF). Different nations, international agencies, non-government organizations have supported and agreed to implement the strategy of caring for earth. Their conservation strategy stresses the various efforts to be made for the conservation of the environment and implement of the quality of the environment. Some of them are biodiversity conservation, application of sustainable development principles, natural resources conservation and so on. Along with these conservation activities the programmes should be conducted for the rehabilitation of the living standard of the people. The caring for earth has stated policies and different programmes for the conservation of the earth. The developmental activities should be intergraded with the conservational programmes to take of the earth. The development activities should include conservation programmes. These programmes will help to take care of the earth. The objective of developmental activities should be the improvement of human beings. But they should not emerge the environmental problems. The developmental activities should contribute the improvement of human life. There should be no destruction of natural resources in the name of the fulfillment of the basic needs. Economic justice in the society helps in the conservation of environment by reducing exploitation of natural resources. Therefore, income generating programmes and trainings should be conducted at local and national level. The gap between the rich and poor should be lowest in income and life style. Conducting development and income generating programmes at local and national levels can reduce the existing gap to some extend. It will make human life sustainable.
The rich countries should reduce their consumption pattern of the resources. Especially, the use of the non-renewable resources such as fossil fuel, natural gas, minerals should be drastically decreased. Alternative programmed will donate for the reduction of non-renewable resources. The renewable resources should be produces adequately to meet the need growing population. It helps in conservation of non-renewable resources. The rich countries should provide financial and technical support to the poor countries for pollution control and improvement of the quality of the environment. The people should understand that the carrying capacity of the earth is limited. It takes time to regenerate such resources in nature. Thus, their development activities should be within the limit of the carrying capacity of the earth.

Biodiversity must be conserved for the existing of living creatures. We should have the knowledge of biodiversity found in different regions. Programmes on conservation should be launched after finding the condition of animals, its habitat and situation. Local people should be made acquainted with the knowledge of biodiversity found on their region. They should be made aware about the need and importance of biodiversity. Programmes on conservation should be implemented with an assistance of local organizations and associations. Improvement of local people in such programmes is very important. People should be made acquainted with the knowledge of rules and laws of conservation. So, programmes for creating awareness should be launched. Local organizations and associations should be involved for this purpose. Effective media should be used to make people know about the importance of biodiversity and the methods of using it. Biodiversity should be used in income generation works without deteriorating the present situations. People use plants, animals and natural resources to run their daily life. People should minimize the use and give emphasis on reuse and recycling. This leads to conserve biodiversity. For example sustainable biodiversity, it is very important to develop the spirit of conservation. Biodiversity aspects should be commercialized so that people can be interest in their preservation. Different awareness programme should be disseminated to the grass root level that it can make general public realize the importance of biodiversity conservation. The people should create positive attitude towards the biodiversity. They should not exploit the natural biodiversity to fulfill their present needs. They should feel that biodiversity available at present should be conserved for the future generation. The methods such as reuse and recycle assist in the conservation of the biodiversity. Conservation law assists in the conservation of biodiversity. The community people should be aware of the conservation law. It should be encourage local agencies to conduct conservation programme. The people use natural resources for different purposes. The consumption pattern should be in line with the conservation of biodiversity. While using the raw materials in the industries they should be utilized properly. It reduces the use of the raw materials. The local people should be trained in the proper use of the biodiversity. Their conservation should go together with the income generation activities. The income obtained from the use of local biodiversity needs to be used in the improvement of the living standard of the living standard of the community people.